3Rs missing: animal research without scientific value is unethical

Scientific autonomy and the 3Rs.

In order to appreciate fully the great impact of Osborne and colleagues’ (2009) article, one must recall the logic of professional ethics. Society in essence tasks professionals, including scientists, with the following directive: “You comport yourselves ethically the way we would expect you to if we fully understood what you do, which we don’t, but we will know if you fail to do so, and regula...

Authorship inflation is unethical.

I thank Dr. Kakuk for his response to my article. Unfortunately, he seems to have misunderstood my arguments. He claims that I “fail to differentiate the problem of authorship from the problem of IFs usage”. In fact, I never actually directly linked these two problems, except to say that both trap researchers in a prisoner’s dilemma. Kakuk also claims that “The inappropriate usage of IF is not ...

Alternative methods: 3Rs, research and regulatory aspects.

378 Alternative Methods: 3Rs, Research and Regulatory Aspects Francesca Caloni 1, Patrizia Costa , Gianni Dal Negro 3, Isabella De Angelis 4, Silvia Dotti 5, Giovanna Lazzari 6, Giacomo Metteucci 7, and Augusto Vitale 8 Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Milan, Italy; Università degli studi di Milano, laboratory Animal Science and Medicine Sp...

Systematic Reviews of Animal Studies; Missing Link in Translational Research?

BACKGROUND The methodological quality of animal studies is an important factor hampering the translation of results from animal studies to a clinical setting. Systematic reviews of animal studies may provide a suitable method to assess and thereby improve their methodological quality. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate the risk of bias assessment in animal-based systematic...

Homeopathy Is Unscientific and Unethical